Belize, only 8,867 sq. miles in size, is set on the...

Belize, only 8,867 sq. miles in size, is set on the northeast coast of Central America. The Caribbean Sea lies to the east and from the air its turquoise waters are clear, permitting the colored coral formation of the nice coral reef to be simply discovered. Coral islands referred to as cayes, coated with stands of mangrove trees, dot the coast. Lying in aquamarine and jade-colored bays, these cayes shield the jungled lineation from the ravages of the ocean. North of Central American country lies the peninsula of Mexico. The city Hondo, that empties into Chetumal Bay, is that the border between the 2 countries. The east border is demarcated by a surveyed line through the jungle separating Central American country from the El Peten†¦show more content†¦largely undiscovered, theyre coated by abundant jungle and a cover of tropical rain clouds. The Paleozoic crust is comprised of granite and metamorphosed arenaceous rock that sustains stands of pine in its impotent acidic soil. Unsuitable for agriculture, the ridge (note that in Central American country, ridge refers to any modification in vegetation) was exploited by Preceramic peoples and Maya hunters. Averaging or so one,000 feet, the most divide is comparatively dwarfed by Victoria Peak that reaches three,680 feet. The southern highland becomes broader and descends westwardly. The northern a part of this region, referred to as the Mountain Pine Ridge space, lies within the hea d District. The higher elevation (1,500-2,700 feet) provides spectacular falls for the various streams that lace the land. The plateaus northern edge could be a broken stone escarpment descendant steeply to the Sibun watercourse depression, a neighborhood dotted with several undiscovered caves. Physical Features: Belize (formerly British Honduras till the name of the country was modified in 1973) lies on the japanese or Caribbean coast of Central America, finite on the north and a part of the west by Mexico, and on the south and therefore the remainder of the west by Central American nation. The inner coastal waters ar shallow and ar secure by a line of coral reefs, dotted with islets referred to as cayes, extending virtually the complete length of the country.Show MoreRelatedBelize : A Unique And Different Country1213 Words   |  5 PagesBelize is a very unique and different country. There is a wide verity of year round activities that the people of Belize, as well as the tourists enjoy. Pop culture is celebrated in a wide variety of ways. The languages of Belize are as follows: English 62.9% (which is the official language); Spanish 56.6%; Creole 44.6%; Maya 10.5%; German 3.2%; Garifuna 2.9%; other 1.8%; unknown 0.3%; none 0.2% (cannot speak). Some of the National Holidays in Belize are very similar to the National HolidaysRead MoreSummary of 13 Chapters of Belize5562 Words   |  23 PagesThis is a summary of the 13 chapters of a history of Belize by Assad Shoman. It entails tables, maps and boxes, acknowledgments, foreword, introduction, map of Belize, then the thirteen chapters, notes, bibliography and index. It has 323 pages, 13 pictures, 16 tables, 3 maps, and 3 boxes. Assad shoman’s engaging about the social, political and economic history of Belize compelling relates the rich history of the peoples of Belize to the present condition in which the country finds itself. He scrutinizesRead MoreBelize: British Honduras760 Words   |  3 PagesBelize: British Honduras (Introduction Paragraph) Thesis: Belize is a young country with a deep Mayan culture, as well as a diverse geography that promotes its large tourism industry. Belize is a very young country only gaining independence from the British and Guatemala in 1981. Guatemala still doesnt agree with the independence of Belize and doesn’t recognize it as an independent country. Before this though there was the The Mayan Empire. The Mayan Empire was established in 1500 BC and thrivedRead More Belize Logistics Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesThe history of Belize dates back thousands of years. The official name of the territory was changed from British Honduras to Belize in June 1973. â€Å"The current government of Belize took form when they declared their independence in 1981. This government is headed by the Queen of the United Kingdom, Queen Elizabeth II, who is acting head of state. The Queen is represented by a Governor General due to her having to reside in Great Britain. The Governor General is the true authority in power; howeverRead MoreBelize : A Small, Beautiful Country Located On The Caribbean Coast Of Northern Central America1272 Words   |  6 PagesBelize, formally known as British Honduras, is a small, beautiful country located on the Caribbean coast of northern Central America with a population of about 347,369. Belize is well-known for being the only country in Central America where English is their main language. Belizeans speak Kriol, Spanish, and English, most being trilingual. It is also known for its beautiful beaches, the Maya pyramid, its two carnivals, and is home to the second largest barrier reef in the world. Belize is a ParliamentaryRead MoreThe Belize Barrier Reef System1278 Words   |  6 PagesGlover’s Reef is a part of the second largest reef system in the world, the Belize Reef. In recent years, mostly due to tourism growth and the respective development for the tourists, ocean pollution has damaged many of species that live in Belize Reef. While the government has imposed a national reservation on the area that protects it from human destruction, it simply has not had the effect expected. On the Glover Reef, a research facility was created to gain a better understand of coral in theRead MoreEssay on Belize Barrier Reef Platform 1475 Words   |  6 Pagesto affect our planet. Luckily there are groups established such as the World Heritage Group which work to preserve these areas and unique ecosystems along with their plant and animal life. One such place is the Belize Barrier Reef platform which lies on the Atlantic-Caribbean coast of Belize. The Reserve was inscribed as a natural World Heritage property in 1996 and belongs to the Central American biogeographically province. It is made up of the following areas: Bacalar Chico National Park and MarineRead MoreUnesco Paper- Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System1698 Words   |  7 PagesCharles Darwin was quoted in 1842 describing the Belize Barrier Reef as the most remarkable reef in the West Indies (Encyclopedia). This description still holds true today. The Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System, which includes the Belize submarine shelf and its barrier reef is the worlds second largest barrier reef system and the largest reef complex in the Atlantic-Caribbean area (Programme-wo, 2009). What makes a reef like the Belize Barrier Reef system so special is that coral reefs are theRead MoreThe Case Of Belize V Belize Telecom2149 Words   |  9 Pages1,999  Introduction In Privy Council decision Attorney-General of Belize v Belize Telecom (Belize thereafter), Lord Hoffmann in delivering the leading judgment, assimilated the implication of term and contractual interpretation resulting in the well-known traditional tests: â€Å"business efficacy† and â€Å"officious bystander† merely as auxiliary role in discovering the the objective intention of the contract. Even though the Belize test has long been accepted by the English and the New Zealand courtsRead MoreA Society Fighting for Social Change Essay1554 Words   |  7 Pagessituation the Government of Belize was the capitalist. The Prime Minister Said Musa announced that there would be an increase in taxes in the new budget. The unions did not agree with the taxes that would be falling on the country of Belize. The unions came together and decided that they would fight and let their voices be heard. The Government workers took action by going on a go slow (7 New Belize, Jan. 18, 2005) . That did not really budget the Government of Belize to make changes for the plans

An Analysis And Critique Of Advocacy Efforts - 828 Words

An analysis and critique of advocacy efforts Facebook is Australia’s most popular social media platform, second is YouTube, with Twitter coming in at seventh. (17) Neiger at al (18) state that social media can be used in public health to achieve the following: communicate with consumers, promote a brand, spread information, expand reach of public health efforts to broader and more diverse groups and foster public engagement and partnerships. Social media is being employed to accomplish a mix of these stated uses. However, some methods have been more successfully achieved than others. The #rethinksugarydrink campaign has been heavily focused on disseminating information regarding SSB’s and their negative health effects. Using a hashtag has been a simple and effective tool in linking advocacy efforts together and creating a brand-like image for the public to identify. The use of a hashtag is something online users are familiar with and therefore, this fosters engagement and participation. (8, 18) Users have engaged in different levels; low engagement is common with users liking, retweeting or sharing content using #rethinksugarydrink. Additionally, medium engagement has occurred with people have creating and sharing there own content, as seen with Parents’ Voice. (18) The level of engagement, exposure and reach of these efforts can be seen through YouTube videos posted by Cancer Council Victoria for the campaign, with one â€Å"man drinking fat† gaining 251, 105 views and 223Show MoreRelatedWhat Makes A Research For Software Engineering?1241 Wo rds   |  5 Pagesshe mentions previous research efforts to characterize research in human-computer interaction process to research in engineering disciplines through pro-forma abstracts, but argues a broad view of research is more suited for software engineering. 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Montag1378 Words   |  6 Pagesrefer to this novel as a social commentary about the present which levels a critique at the emptiness of modern mass culture and it s horrifying effects (Zipes 1). They are afraid to accept the looming consequences and don’t see a purpose in advocating these issues especially through books such as Fahrenheit 451. Though this theme is conveyed, the advocacy of free thinking also prevails throughout the Chong 4 The advocacy of freedom of expression and ideas is one of the notions that resurface throughoutRead MoreThe Shadow Reports Of India1847 Words   |  8 PagesAlternative Report on CEDAW of 2014), South Africa (South African Shadow Report on the Implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women of 2011), and Pakistan (INSERT REPORT HERE). 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Evidence of Nursing for Tanners Model †Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Evidence of Nursing for Tanners Model. Answer: Why is it important to use short and specific search terms in database search instead of long descriptive sentences? Databases have certain features which allow an individual to build their search so as to focus their search on the information that is relevant. The features include subject and keyword searching truncation, search limiting, nesting, Boolean operators and phrase searching. It is important to use short and specific search terms so that accurate information that one looks for is found. This is because computers index words that are significant in databases in summary, title, subject or articles text fields. Describe the relationship between the two frameworks that underpin this subject: Tanners Model of Clinical Judgement and Evidence Based Practice? Tanners Model of Clinical judgement is a conclusion or an interpretation about the health problems, concerns or needs of a patient and the decision of whether or not an action should be taken or certain standard approaches modified or used. In clinical judgement analytical reasoning skills, inquisitiveness, sound judgement skills, persistence, and patient and self- awareness must be applied. The antecendents that are found on Evidence-based practice (EBP) explain what takes place in the integration of the best evidence with patient and clinical expertise in order to deliver optimal health care. In the evidence-based practice, the nurse begins by identifying the problem. He/ she then understands the essence of research in the nursing field. After this, the nurse has to identify what the patient/family prefers or values and uphold it. Both Tanners Model of Clinical judgement and Evidence-based practice relate because there are attributes that measure whether they are successful. Describe the purpose of a systematic review compared with a single randomized controlled trial? A systematic review focuses on clinical topic and answers a question that is specific. Studies are reviewed, their quality assessed and findings summarized in a manner that was predetermined depending on the review question. In contrast to systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials are experiments which introduce exposure or treatment so that its effect can be studied on real patients. Week 6 online discussion Part Two What is the advantage of using randomized control trial study design in this particular study? The advantage with randomized control trial as a study design in this study is that it eliminates biases. This study design certify that systemic variances are not there between various groups for both the unknown and the known (Abernethy et al, 2013). The other advantage is that randomized control trial in this study provided the safest way of testing evidence based approaches that are required to improve palliative care. This type of design was the only the safest that could assure the participants that the evidence- based approaches discovered would actually work on their palliative care. What were the primary and secondary outcome/outcomes in this study? Dyspnoea in the evening and morning as indicated on a 100mm visual analogue scale, wellbeing, quality of sleep, performance on the physical exertion as well as the side effects that were measured after the four days of treatment (Abernethy et al, 2013). Why did the study use a cross over design? The cross over design allowed for the conduction of three parallel randomized trials. This design allowed a strategy that was less expensive, with a timeframe that was shorter and individuals to participate efficiently. This design was important because it enabled the comparison of the three studies to be done within a single cohort thereby making it fundable. Has the study used adequate sample size? Justify your answer. The study has used an adequate sample size. Since a factorial design was used for the study, the sample size used was considered according to the outcome where the largest number of participants was required. In this study, greater numbers were required in the improvement of usual pain intensity (Abernethy et al, 2013). Also, according to the table that determines the sample size from the given populations, the sample size in this study is adequate. How did the authors assess dyspnoea in this study? Dyspnoea refers to severe breath shortness or the difficulty in breathing. This has been known to be the most common reasons why individuals visit the accident and emergency hospital departments. During this study, dyspnoea was measured on a visual analogue scale in the evening of the last day of the period (Abernethy et al, 2013). On the scale, anchors were no breathlessness at 0mm and at 100mm it was worst possible breathlessness. Patients treated with morphine reported average improvement of 9.5mm (95% CI 7.4 mm, p=0.006) in the evening compared to those who received the placebo. In the mentioned study, the mean difference between intervention and control groups is 9.5mm with a 95% confidence interval around that mean of 7.4mm-11.6mm, what does this tell you? Confidence Intervals (CI) are used in research and statistics as a type of population parameters in interval estimates (Zapf et al., 2016). CI is calculated from observations from various samples which frequently include values of parameters that cannot be observed if the experiment is repeated. 95% confidence interval in this study means that there is 95 percent accuracy of estimate in which the mean difference between the intervention and control groups appears. Looking at figure 2, the p value is P- value is used for comparison with the significant level that is desired in the test. 0.05 is used as a significance cutoff. When p- value results below 0.05, the null hypothesis should be rejected. If there is no difference between means, it is concluded that significance differences exist. When p- value is larger, it cannot be concluded that there is a significant difference. When p is smaller, the result is significant but when p- value is more than, then the test was not significant (Zapf et al., 2016). For instance, if the null hypothesis are to be rejected at 0.05 like in this study, then small values suggest that the null hypothesis would unlikely be true. In this case, use of oral morphine shows high improvement because 0.006 is a very small value, meaning that there is a significant difference. Thinking of the overall results from the case study and the figure, what do the results tell you about the effects of oral morphine compared with placebo in patients with refractory dyspnoea? According to the overall results in the study and the diagram on the comparison of improvement in breathlessness, patients with refractory dyspnoea show high improvement when they use oral morphine. However, if patients with the same condition use placebo, there would be no improvement in their breathing. A p- value of 0.006 as indicated in the diagram indicates that there is a very large significant difference (Abernethy et al, 2013). A patient with refractory dyspnoea is likely to be in a good position towards gaining back breath after consuming oral morphine than the one consuming placebo. What did the author find about the effect of morphine on the participants sleep? (provide statistics) The author did not indicate any effect of morphine on the participants sleep. However, several other effects were mentioned. Some of the known side-effects of morphine include slowing of the heart rate, sighs, shallow or weak breathing; pains in the chest, pounding or fast heart beats; drowsiness to the extreme levels, passing out feelings; missed menstrual periods, infertility; sexual problems, impotence, loss of interest in sex; nausea, loss of appetite, low cortisol levels, vomiting loss of appetite, weakness, dizziness and worsening tiredness. Some of these effects were mentioned by the author when providing the figures of participants who did not go on with the study. Would you consider morphine therapy for your patients who are suffering from refractory dyspnoea? Justify your answer taking into consideration the positive effects and side effects of morphine therapy According to the study, ten patients withdrew from participation due to various reasons: three withdrew as a result of morphine side effects, two due to potential effects of morphine and five due to reasons unlikely related to morphine (Abernethy et al, 2013). I would consider morphine therapy for my patients because not a large number of the sample was affected by morphine side effects. However, the main reason why I would recommend morphine would be because of the positive effects that the medicine has. The study indicates that a large number of participants experiences great levels of improvement as compared to those who used placebo. In fact, there was no improvement to placebo users. Bandage A and bandage B are alternative compression bandages for treating venous leg ulcers. In an RCT comparing the two bandages, 60% of patients had healed ulcers after 12 weeks of treatment with Bandage A compared to 75% of patients treated ether Bandage B. Calculate Relative risk of healing (RR), Absolute risk difference (ARD) and numbers needed to treat (NNT) Relative risk of healing (RR) are the number of healing events found divided by control = healed outcomes in the mentioned group divided by the proportion of outcomes that are bad in the control group =0.6 /0.75 RR= 0.8 Absolute Risk Difference (ARD) is the same as the absolute risk reduction (ARR) = (Bad events minus good events) divided by bad events = (0.75-0.6) 0.75 ARD= 0.2 Numbers Needed to treat (NNT) is the number needed to treat = 1/ ARD = 1/0.2 NNT= 5 How would you interpret your findings for RR, ARD and NNT? ARD is one of the most important ways of representing research results that would be helpful in making decisions (Comhaire and Decleer, 2012). In this case, an ARD of 0.2 or 20 percent means that if 100 individuals were treated, 20 individuals would be prevented from lack of healing, that is, 20 of them would be healed by their bandages. This can also be represented by the number needed to treat (NNT). If 20 individuals would be healed out of the 100 treated then NNT for one individual to benefit would be about five (100 5). The relative risk (RR) of an outcome that is bad in a certain group is given the intervention provides the proportional measure for estimating size of the treatment effect in comparison to no treatment or other interventions (Comhaire and Decleer, 2012). In this case, the RR of healing is the size of healing in a bandage compared to not healing in a bandage at all. In this case, RR is 0.8 or 80 percent. If treatment had an RR more than 1, there would have increased rates of not healing. RR less than 1 decreases incidences of not healing. Is it worth using bandage B over A? (Do you think that the results are clinically significant?) According to the results, an individual would heal if they were in Bandage A than when they are in Bandage B. Bandage B is not worth over Bandage A. I think the results are significantly significant because the number of those who do not heal is reduced by the fact that the value of RR which is less than 1. Part Three What are some of the barriers to implementing new research findings into clinical practice? Evidence-based practice is a problem solving approach to the care of patients and it integrates evidence that is best from studies that are well designed with patient assessments, clinicians expertise and the preferences of the patients. If they are implemented, they would lead to better outcomes and safer care. Studies indicate that the frequently cited barriers are organizational cultures that do not support the implementation and the lack of time to implement the new findings. Nurses face resistance from nurse leaders and managers thereby misleading the subordinates from providing the best care from new research findings. Why do you think it is important for you to take this subject as preparation for you role as a junior clinician? As a junior clinician, most of my work will be dealing with patients who have different problems. When faced with all sorts of problems, I will be required to be a nurse who notices the specific problem, interprets the problem, respond to the issue and finally reflect on it. Clinical judgement as well as Evidence- Based Practice will have to be my job so that I may succeed in effectively caring for the patients. It will be important for me to take this subject because it will guide me on how to conduct research and finally produce evidence-based results that will be of importance to patients. References Abernethy, A., Currow, D., Frith, P., Fazekas, B., McHugh, A. and Bui, C. (2013). Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled crossover trial of sustained release morphine for the management of refractory dyspnoea. BMJ, 327(7414), pp.523-528. Comhaire, F, Decleer, W 2012, 'Comparing the effectiveness of infertility treatments by numbers needed to treat ( NNT)', Andrologia, 44, 6, pp. 401-404 Zapf, A, Castell, S, Morawietz, L, Karch, A 2016, 'Measuring inter-rater reliability for nominal data - which coefficients and confidence intervals are appropriate?', BMC Medical Research Methodology, 16, pp. 1-10.